Parenting theory Essay Example

Child rearing hypothesis Essay Child rearing organization will attempt to address 2 inquiry: which business would it be advisable for us to claim? What child rearing methodology will get the best execution from those busineses? Rather than taking a gander at how organizations identify with each other, a parent association should see how well its expertise fit its organizations needs and in the case of claiming them makes or decimate esteem. Child rearing hypothesis propose that most CEO should worry with two vital inquiries: what business should this organization, as opposed to match, own and why? What's more, What organization structure. The executives procedure and theory will encourage unrivaled execution from its organizations? The best parent organizations make more an incentive in their organizations than adversaries would. We will compose a custom paper test on Parenting hypothesis explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Parenting hypothesis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Parenting hypothesis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Multi business unite under a parent organization organizations that might be free. Such parent organization can legitimize themselves monetarily just of their impact makes esteem. For instance: The parent organization can improve field-tested strategy and financial plan , advance better linkages among them, give particularly able focal capacity or settle on insightful decisions in its own acquisitions , divestment and new pursuits. How corporate child rearing increase the value of its organizations units? That happen when the guardians abilities and assets fit well with the requirements and chances of the organizations. In the event that there is definitely not a fit, the parent is likely decimate esteem. A parent that doesn't comprehend the basic achievement factors in a business is probably going to pulverize vale. To include esteem: ICM, Restructure, Knowledge, move expertise and sharing exercises. A parent without point by point information on a business showcase my not know about the chance to join deals. Cooperative energy. Five sort of collaborations: Cost investment funds, Revenue upgrades, process enhancements, budgetary building and tax break. COST SAVINGS This is the most well-known kind of collaboration and the least demanding to evaluate. Subside Shaw, head of mergers and acquisitions at the British synthetic and pharmaceutical organization ICI, alludes to cost investment funds as hard collaborations and brings up that the degree of sureness that they will be accomplished is very high. Ordinarily, they originate from killing occupations, offices, and related costs that are not, at this point required when capacities are merged, or they originate from economies of scale in buying. Cost investment funds are probably going to be particularly huge when one organization procures another from a similar industry in a similar nation. For instance, SBC Communications, the previous South-western Bell, acknowledged significant cost investment funds when it obtained Pacific Telesis. Inside the initial two years of this merger, SBC spared more than $200 million in data innovation working and upkeep costs. It additionally spared a huge number of dollars by consolidating the blended organizations buying power. Despite the fact that cost investment funds are the least demanding collaboration to compute, excessively idealistic projections unquestionably happen, so you have to look cautiously at the numbers you 1 re gave. On the off chance that youre assessing projections, know about three basic issues. To start with, examiners may neglect the way that meanings of cost classes fluctuate from organization to organization. (For instance, are guarantee costs remembered for the expense of creation or the expense of deals?) So it might give the idea that there are more effortlessly disposed of expenses in a classification than end up being the situation. Second, costs are caused in better places relying upon the structure of each organization. Acquirers may accept they can wipe out more corporate or divisional regulatory expenses than they really can on the grounds that basic work is completing in unforeseen spots. Third, it is simp ler to take out situations than the individuals who fill them. Frequently an occupation is wiped out on paper, yet the individual in the activity is exceptionally skilled and must be moved ewhere in the organization. Along these lines, if a union Ins to propose that 200 employments are bound for the hatchet, that doesnt imply that 200 pay rates are, as well Acquirers regularly belittle to what extent it will take to acknowledge cost reserve funds. In some cases that happens in light of the fact that the plans determining how incorporation will continue are deficiently itemized. In different cases, it happens in light of the fact that the individuals in the two organizations are impervious to change, and ranking directors regularly postpone settling on intense cost cutting choices. Also, obviously, the more it takes for cost reserve funds to be understood, the less worth they make. Income ENHANCEMENTS Its occasionally feasible for an acquirer and its objective to accomplish a more significant level of deals development together than either organization could all alone. Income upgrades are famously difficult to evaluate, be that as it may, in light of the fact that they include outer factors outside administrations ability to control. The client base of the procured organization, for example, may respond contrarily to various costs and item includes. A joined client base may dismiss making such a large number of buys from a solitary provider. Also, contenders may bring down their costs because of a procurement. Income upgrades are so hard to anticipate, truth be told, that some insightful organizations dont even incorporate them while computing cooperative energy esteem. Matthew Slatter, the CEO of Bank of Melbourne, says, We model this [revenue enhancements], yet never figure it the cost. Essentially, Peter Shaw at ICI thinks of them as delicate cooperative energies and limits the m vigorously in estimations of collaboration esteem. In spite of their perils, income upgrades can make genuine worth. Here and there the objective carries a better or corresponding item than the more broad circulation channel of the acquirer. That happened when Lloyds TSB obtained the Cheltenham and Gloucester Building Society (which had a superior home-credit item) and Abbey Life (which had protection items). In the two cases, Lloyds TSB had the option to offer those items to its significantly bigger retail client base, hence creating more income than the three elements could have done exclusively. Correspondingly, having gained Duracell for a 20% premium, Gillette was affirmed in its desire that selling Duracell batteries through Gillettes existing channels for individual consideration items would build deals, especially globally. Gillette sold Duracell items in 25 new markets in the main year after the securing and generously expanded deals in built up universal markets. In different occasions, an objective companys dissemination channel can be utilized to heighten the deals of the securing companys item. That happened at Gillette when it obtained Parker Pen. In computing what it could pay, Gillette evaluated that it is ready to get an extra $25 million in deals for its own Waterman pens by exploiting Parkers dispersion channels. A last sort of income improvement happens when the greater, post-procurement organization increases adequate minimum amount to draw in income neither one of the companies would have had the option to acknowledge alone. Consider what happened when ABN and AMRO converged to frame ABN AMRO, the enormous Dutch bank. A while later, other enormous banks pulled the new organization in on coordinated advances that neither ABN nor AMRO would have been approached to take part in separately. Procedure IMPROVEMENTS Cost reserve funds come about because of dispensing with duplication or from buying in volume; income upgrades are produced from joining various qualities from the two associations. Procedure upgrades, on the other hand, happen when directors move best practices and center abilities starting with one organization then onto the next. That outcomes in both cost reserve funds and income upgrades. The exchange of best practices can stream in either bearing. The acquirer may purchase an organization in light of the fact that the objective is particularly acceptable at something. On the other hand, the acquirer may see that it can definitely improve the objectives execution in a key territory in view of some fitness the acquirer has just aced. Take the instance of National Australia Banks acquisition of Florida contract loan specialist HomeSide. HomeSide has a very effective home loan overhauling process that NAB plans to move to its financial tasks in Australia, New Zealand, and. the United Kingdom. The equivalent was valid for ABN AMRO when it procured the U.S. business bank Standard Federal. All things considered, process upgrades went inseparably with cost investment funds: since its home loan activity was so effective, SF in the end assumed control over the joined banks whole home loan business. Item advancement procedures can likewise be improved so new items can be created at lower cost and get the opportunity to showcase quicker. Such was the situation when Johnson Controls gained Prince Corporation, a producer of back view mirrors, entryway boards, visors, and different pieces of car insides. Sovereign was better than Johnson Controls at understanding clients needs-both existing and foreseen and thusly it created higher-edge items. Sovereign likewise had a magnificent procedure for sloping up creation of new items, which empowered it to move from configuration to large scale manufacturing about twice as quick as Johnson Controls could, keeping up greater levels while speeding process durations. Johnson gained from Prince and was soon ready to apply those focal points to its own items. For a case of the procedure upgrades a procuring organization can bring to the table, investigate paper mammoth Gannett. Gannett has a database of monetary and nonfinancial measures for every one of its 85 papers; officials utilize this rich asset to decide best practices, both boosting income and bringing down expenses. Larry Miller, Gannetts CFO, clarifies, We have had the option to significantly improve the papers weve purchased. The key for us is knowing in exact moment detail how to maintain a business. Thi

This paper is all about bonds and their different types Essay

This paper is about bonds and their various kinds - Essay Example We should have a look over the meaning of Bonds and their significance and use. An obligation security where the backer is at risk to pay enthusiasm sometime in the not too distant future to the security holder, which named as development is called bonds. All the more definitely we can say that a bond is a kind of a credit where the individual which gives the bonds is named as borrower and by differentiate an individual which holds it, named as loan specialist. Intrigue or coupon rate is the thing which turns into an extension between the borrower and loan specialist which at last obliges the estimation of return, and it must be reimbursed at fixed interim over a predetermined timeframe. A tad inconsistency found between the bonds and stocks. By and large, both are protections however investors are the value partner of the organization and known as the genuine proprietor of the substance, while the investors are the moneylenders to the backer, which ordinarily have a predetermined term of development after which the security gets reclaimed (Vernimmen, 2006). As indicated by the insights of the Federal Reserves (FED), there are more than $1.7 trillion city protections, $3.6 trillion of exceptional US Treasury protections, $2.7 trillion of corporate securities and more than $470 billion of securities gave by the outside governments and partnerships in the United States. There are a few sorts of bonds an enterprise issues. Normally treasury bonds are alluded as the administration bonds, whi... anding US Treasury protections, $2.7 trillion of corporate securities and more than $470 billion of securities gave by the remote governments and enterprises in the United States. There are a few kinds of bonds a company issues. TREASURY BONDS: Generally treasury bonds are alluded as the administration bonds, which are given by the US government. The bonds are liberated from default chance in light of the fact that the government will make installments on the guaranteed timeframe. Presently, we are very much aware with the way that the treasury securities have no default hazard yet that is not imply that such securities are thoroughly liberated from chance in light of the fact that the cost of the securities may increment or decays with the vacillations in the loan fees (Vernimmen, 2006). Treasury bonds are named as the most secure bonds, in light of the fact that the guarantee of these bonds are in the hands of the administration, which pulls in the certainty of the speculators and become a triumph for both the organizations and the investors. CORPORATE BONDS: We can get a thought in a moment from the name of the organization bonds that the bonds which are issue by the companies so as to raise the general value of the firm are called enterprise bonds. When contrasted with the treasury bonds, partnership bonds have the default hazard craving in it. It implies from any possibility, on the off chance that the firm imagined a terrible time on the monetary wellbeing, at that point most likely the firm can't encourage its investors or we can say that incapable to meet or satisfy their money related guarantees and lawful commitments (Cinnamon, 2006). Level of default hazard shifts with the qualities of the corporate securities, which regularly refereed as credit chance. City BONDS: City bonds are additionally given by the nearby government. Its additionally have default hazard like the company bonds.

The Peer Review Process 5 Things You Need to Know Before You Get Started

The Peer Review Process 5 Things You Need to Know Before You Get Started The peer review process helps ensure that published research meets generally accepted standards for rigor within its field. This is important because published research is part of a fields permanent record, and is used to inform future research. Here are five things you might not know about the peer review process.1. Informal peer review improves research in progressYour research should be under informal peer review well before your last experiments are conducted, and well before you start preparing a manuscript for publication. Scholars have long recognized the importance of discussing their work with knowledgeable peers, whose different experiences and perspectives can lead to new ideas, new research strategies, and new interpretations of the data. To promote these interactions, the British Royal Society was founded in 1660, and the American Academy of Arts and Science was founded in 1780.For many researchers, their first experience with this sort of review occurred in the classroo m. Terrified students presenting science fair projects need to explain the question theyre trying to answer, why that question is important, and how they will answer that question. Eventually, they will present their results and their interpretation of the results. While the researchers become more knowledgeable and the research more complicated, the same basic process is repeated by college students, graduate students, post-docs, professors, scientists at pharmaceutical companies, and Nobel laureates. The presenters and the audience may range from students, to full-time scientists, to advisors, but they can all contribute by asking questions from different perspectives.Photo by Akson on UnsplashThis process occurs in faculty offices, at lab meetings, at research conferences during poster sessions and formal talks, during thesis presentations, and at job talks. Less formally, the process occurs in the lab, in the hallway, and over coffee or beer. If things go well, your audience wil l be interested in and excited about your research, and will ask questions or offer suggestions that will improve your research. If things go poorly, people may question the purpose of your study, point out flaws in your research strategy, or disagree with your interpretation of the results. Whether or not they are correct, you will need to go back and address these concernsâ€"either by modifying your research or modifying how you present your research.2. Peer review is required for journal publicationOnce you have gone through multiple iterations of informal peer review, and completed your research and analysis, you can polish your manuscript and submit it to an appropriate journal to be considered for publication. After youve selected a target journal and crafted a manuscript to fulfill their specific requirements (for length, formatting, etc), you will submit it to an appropriate editor. Many journals have an extensive list of editors, and you will need to pick one that is famili ar with your field of study, and preferably enthusiastic about your research methods.You will send that editor your finely polished manuscript, with all text, figures, tables, references, etc. You will also include a thoughtfully constructed cover letter that explains why your research paper is a good fit for the journal. You will typically mention related studies that were published in the journal, and briefly explain how your research expands upon that work. In the cover letter, you may also include a list of researchers who work within your field of study (aka peers) who would be qualified to review your work. Importantly, these potential peer reviewers cannot be in a position to benefit from the publication of your work. People with a conflict of interest include co-authors on the paper, your current or former advisors, and people who work at the same institution.The editor then decides whether your paper should undergo the formal peer review process, or whether it should be rej ected without further review. Papers might be rejected at this stage for poor quality research or writing, research that is insufficiently novel, research that is insufficiently comprehensive, or research that falls outside the topics covered by the journal. At that point, you would need to decide whether and how to address these criticisms before submitting to another journal.Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash3. Peer review involves surprisingly few peopleIf the editor decides that your manuscript merits further consideration, s/he will ask experts within your field to serve as peer reviewers. For most journals, the goal is to find three qualified reviewers for each manuscript, but they often move forward with just two. The reason for these small numbers is that qualified reviewers are busy peopleâ€"they have research to conduct and oversee, students to teach and advise, conferences to attend and prepare for, and their own grants and papers to write. Furthermore, reviewers are not paid; they are asked to volunteer their time as a service to their scientific community. So its not surprising that potential reviewers often decline to review articles. Others will accept the invitation, but may assign the task to a graduate student or postdoc so s/he becomes more familiar with the process of publication.Reviewers have weeks or months to return their comments to the editor. Typically, they will comment on specific strengths and weaknesses in the manuscript, and may recommend additional work that should be included. Each reviewer may recommend that the paper be rejected, revised and resubmitted, or accepted. If the reviewers disagree, the editor will accept the opinion of the majority (two out of three). If there are only two reviewersâ€"and they disagreeâ€"the editor may try to find a third reviewer, or may cast the tie-breaking vote.If your paper is returned with revise and resubmit, it has not been accepted. You will be provided with the reviewers detailed comments, a nd you must respond to every negative comment. Some comments ask you to include information you can easily access. Other comments ask for additional experiments, which may or may not be possible with the resources available to you. Its often best to conduct the experiments you can, and explain why the other requests are unrealistic. Typically, journals give authors only a few months to resubmit a revised manuscript. Depending on the extent of the revisions, the editor may make the decision to accept or reject, or the manuscript may be sent back to the original reviewers, who vote to accept or reject.4. Peer review is deeply flawed, but is the least worst option we haveThe goal of peer review is to provide an objective, reliable, and consistent way to evaluate the quality of papers submitted for publication. However, given the small number of people involved in the process for each paper (3-4, including the editor), it often falls far short of this goal. Ironically, researchers have only recently started studying the process of peer review, and the results are troubling. In one study, the British Medical Journal inserted multiple major errors into manuscripts that were then submitted to multiple reviewers. On average, each reviewer found a quarter of the major errors; some found none. In the end, the votes to accept or reject the manuscript were only slightly better than what youd expect from a coin toss.Theres also evidence that editors and reviewers are influenced by the authors gender and affiliation with a prestigious institution. More obviously, journals actively seek to publish papers with exciting results. Therefore, high-quality research that gives negative results (i.e. a particular drug is found to have no effect on a particular illness), may not even be submitted for publication. This biases future studies, which rely on the published literature to report results as accurately as possible. Some journals are now attempting to address these problems, f or example by evaluating the protocols for drug studies in progress, before the final results are available. Of course, all humans carry their own biases. As a result, the peer-reviewed scientific literature is littered with old studies that are astonishingly sexist, racist, or embarrassing in other ways.Despite all of these flaws, the process of peer reviewâ€"or perhaps the threat of peer reviewâ€"has contributed to the undeniable advancement of science in recent centuries, especially in recent decades. Peer review is deeply flawed, but is the least worst option we have.Photo by Jonathan Francisca on Unsplash5. You can influence your reviewersWith all of the inherent flaws in the peer review process, it might seem like researchers should just throw up their hands and hope for the best. But dont forget that what you writeâ€"before you present a single resultâ€"deeply influences your reviewers. By clearly explaining how your work builds upon a foundation of important previous work, y ou can help convince readers that your work is necessary. By elaborating on how your results pave the way for future research in your field and related fields, you can help convince readers that your work needs to be published now. Of course, you may end up with reviewers who find your research unconvincing. If nothing else, this provides evidence that you are indeed working to increase our collective understanding of the world. No other research is worthwhile.

Essay On Aging - 1000 Words

Young blood reverses cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in aging Aging causes structural and functional changes in brain. As aging population has become a burden, it is essential to study aging brain aiming to maintain cognitive integrity. Previous studies indicated that young blood improves the function of stem cells in organs including brain by heterochronic parabiosis model. However, data is lacking whether regeneration or beyond occurs by this model. The authors Villeda et al., hypothesized that aged animal exposed to young blood can counteract aging process and rejuvenate brain cognitive function. Therefore, the authors conducted research to examine within molecular, structural, functional, and cognitive aspects.†¦show more content†¦Thus, young blood is capable to increase number of dendritic spine in aging dentate gyrus. The authors took extracellular electrophysiological recording to examine the functional change from hippocampus on parabionts. They found isochronic parabionts stayed at baseline level for long-term potentiation, b ut can be maintained at above baseline level in heterochronic parabionts. From these functional results, they concluded that young blood is capable to potentiate synaptic plasticity in aged mice. To understand the cognitive changes, they further used contextual fear conditioning and radial arm water maze paradigms (RAWM) to study aging effect to hippocampus related learning and memory. Mice injected with young plasma had increased freezing response in contextual, but not cued, learning and showed significant improvement on fear memory. They also exhibited enhancement in learning and memory in finding hidden platform location. On the other hand, no change was observed for aged mice and aged mice injected with aged plasma. Interestingly, these effects were reduced by heat denaturation. Thus, the heat-labile factors from young blood may rejuvenate cognitive ability for the aged mice. 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A Child Called It By Dave Pelzer Essay - 1573 Words

Introduction A Child Called â€Å"It† is a powerful book written by Dave Pelzer about his childhood and the hardships he encountered with his family, peers, and community. Middle childhood can be a life altering point in a young child’s life, which many theorist have studied over the years. This paper will review a few of those theorist thoughts, and how their theories apply to young David’s childhood. The theorist work that will be covered will be Bronfenbrenner and his ecological systems model, Piaget’s theory of development, and lastly Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning. It is important to understand what was going through David’s mind as he dealt with this trauma and how he was able to survive it. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System Model According to Feldman (2015) Urie Bronfenbrenner took more of a biological look at human development, using a system that gave five levels of environment which one is influenced by during the developmental period (The Biological Approach to Development, para 1). We will be looking at the mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem levels to see how David suffered or benefited because of these systems. As Feldman (2015) explains the mesosystem is where the connection between parent and child, or student and teacher influence each other and the relationship between the two people (The Biological Approach to Development, para 3). David encountered many situation where this system may have hurt and helped him. One example would be when he had aShow MoreRelatedA Child Called It By Dave Pelzer970 Words   |  4 PagesDave Pelzer’s book, â€Å"A Child Called It† (1995), chronicled the unforgettable accounts of one of the most severe c hild abuse cases in California’s history. The book is an intriguing, yet intimidating journey through the torturing childhood of the author, himself. The child, Dave Pelzer ¸ was emotionally and physically tormented by his unstable mother. He was the victim of abuse in his own home, a source of ridicule at his own school, and stripped of all existence. This book left me in suspense as IRead MoreDave Pelzer - a Child Called It2120 Words   |  9 PagesThere is much to admire about Dave Pelzer. He proudly served his country during Desert Storm, and has received commendations from Presidents Reagan, Bush the First, and Clinton for his work as a motivational speaker. His other honors include being named Californias Volunteer of the Year in 1990, one of 1993s Ten Outstanding Young Americans, and one of the Outstanding Young Persons of the World for 1994. In addition, he is a best-selling author and a loving husband and father. Thats a lofty setRead MoreA Child Called It By Dave Pelzer Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The novel A Child Called â€Å"It† by Dave Pelzer is about his abusive childhood at the hands of his own mother. Pelzer recounts his horrible childhood through his own point of view. He goes through how his once nurturing mother changed into a vicious tormentor and how he became a â€Å"prisoner of war† within his own home. David is exiled from his own family and dehumanized by his mother to the point that she refers to him as â€Å"It† rather than her son. However, his astounding will to not letRead MoreA Child Called It . Dave Pelzer Is the Survivor1608 Words   |  7 PagesA Child Called It. Dave Pelzer is the survivor of the third worst case of child abuse in California s history. Dave grew up with his two brothers and two parents. Catherine, Dave s mother, loved to cook exotic meals for her family and decorate their home in creative and imaginative ways each holiday season. She was full of energy, often taking her kids on tours of downtown San Francisco while her husband was at work as a fire fighter, exposing them to Golden Gate Park and Chinatown. Once,Read MoreA Child Called It By Dave Pelzer2639 Words   |  11 PagesIn the novel A Child Called It, the author Dave Pelzer discussed his courage to survive while growing up in his household. The family was living the perfect traditional western family life. During the early years, the family does things together and the mother was always happy to prepare special meals, outings, and surprises for her family. When the father was working, the mother would take Dave and his brothers on special outings. The family would g o on vacations which were fun and memorable forRead MoreA Child Called It By Dave Pelzer1950 Words   |  8 PagesThe Book A Child Called â€Å"It† written by Dave Pelzer who survived one of the most severe child abuse cases in history. He wrote about his life from the beginning when family life was good, and throughout the abusive years, until he was finally rescued. Before kindergarten Dave remembers his life being happy. He stated in the book that, â€Å"My family was the Brady Bunch of the 1960s. My two brothers and I were blessed with the perfect parents. Our every whim was fulfilled with love and care. ButRead MoreA Child Called It By Dave Pelzer1845 Words   |  8 Pagesdescribed within the book A Child Called â€Å"It† written by Dave Pelzer. Although there is an overabundance of examples of abuse, neglect and maltreatment given in this book, the support listed is narrowed down to give the best samples of why a reader may feel these specific situations occ urred. Each segment will be discussed and explained fully so that the reader is able to grasp why each specific reference was selected. III. Family Experiences In the beginning of the text Dave speaks about his mom, heRead More A Child Called It by Dave Pelzer Essay699 Words   |  3 Pages The book I read is called A Child Called It. It is written by Dave Pelzer. The theme of this book is to keep hope alive. You should have faith and dreams to have something to look forward to in your future especially when you feel you can’t go on any more. Like Dave, he felt trapped as if he was never going to be free. He used his dreams and illusions every time he was hurting to help him get away from the pain. This is what kept this little boy alive. He had something to reach for and neverRead MoreAnalysis Of A Child Called It By Dave Pelzer1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe Strength to Survive After reading the book, â€Å"A Child Called It† by Dave Pelzer, I will say this a melancholic book that depicts the true child abuse that Pelzer suffered in the hands of his mother. This book describes his horrifying experiences in child abuse and I would greatly recommend reading it. The book is fabulous and once you start reading it you will not want to put it down. Pelzer touches on the cruel abused faced by his mother and his deep willingness to survive and try to get aheadRead MoreIntroduction Of A Child Called It By Dave Pelzer2091 Words   |  9 PagesMrs. Wallace English 12-5 24 March 2015 Introduction When I was in middle school, we read A Child Called â€Å"It† by Dave Pelzer in my English class. I remember crying and wondering â€Å"How could someone you love and who is supposed to love you hurt you so bad?† I also remember thinking that there was no way this was really a serious issue. I didn’t think it really happened all that much, especially if the child never did anything wrong. I quickly realized this wasn’t the case. I had never been so shocked

Research of Restaraunt for Business Research Free Essays

string(98) " children who live at home, viewed advertisements, gender, income, age, and familiar competitors\." Table of Contents Introduction3 Research Objectives3 Research Questions4 Answers to Research Questions5 Answer to Research Question 1. 5 Answer to Question 2. 6 Answer to Question 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Research of Restaraunt for Business Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now 7 Answer to Question 4. 8 Answer to Question 5. 9 Answer to Question 6. 10 Recommendations for the Remington’s Restaurant11 References14 Introduction The Remington restaurant, located in Tampa Florida, wanted to better understand their customer’s views and opinions of the restaurant by using a survey method. This method would reveal the perception of the customer to see what category the Remington restaurant is in, what performance the customer expects, and how satisfied the customers are when they leave the Remington restaurant. This is the best way for the Remington restaurant to improve their service because it paints a picture of what how the customer views their services. Even though competition is important to any business, the customers are the biggest asset to the company. By researching the customer’s perception of the restaurant one will see how the customer chooses the restaurant desired, how important performance is to the customer, and what was the overall satisfactory. One can acquire such information by reviewing and discussing the survey, finding out what is most or least important to the customer, seeing what is expected on how the restaurant performs, and discussing the satisfaction of the customer. In order to get this information, different methods will be used such as coefficient of variation, coefficients of determination and other tatistical techniques. There are six main research questions that will be addressed that will help the Remington restaurant see how the customers view the restaurant as a whole, and show the restaurant where and how to improve their business. Research Objectives 1. Discuss the type of survey used by the Remington Restaurant and how effective it is by using a research survey design. Compare effectiveness of the research to the other research designs of the subordinate data, experiments or observation in the context of collecting information for this project. . Describe the demographic profile of the average Remington customer. 3. Classify and describe which influence is most important to the customers in selecting a place to eat, and what is the least important factor that influences customers in selecting a restaurant. 4. Examine the Remington Restaurant scores on each of the six perception of portions of food, knowledgeable employees, food quality, swift service, atmosphere, and prices. 5. Justify if the Remington Restaurant is providing the expectations that customers want when choosing a restaurant. 6. Decide if there is a connection between being satisfied with the Remington Restaurant and the service, food portion, smart employees, quality of food and fast service. 7. Review the surveys to see what the Zagat Review Research Questions 1. What kind of survey did the Remington Restaurant use? What kind of result was found by the research design? Compare the effectiveness of the survey research to the other subordinate data, experimentation or observation in the perspective of gathering information for this project. 2. What is the demographic profile of the average Remington Restaurant customer? . Which is most important to the customer when selecting a restaurant and what is least important when selecting a restaurant? 4. How does the Remington Restaurant score on each of the six perception measures of food portions, smart employees, food quality, fast service, atmosphere and prices? 5. Is the Remington Restaurant producing a good influence when selecting a place to eat? 6. Is there a connection between customer’s satisfaction with the Remington Restaurant with the perception of large food portions, smart employees, food quality and quick service? Answers to Research Questions Answer to Research Question 1. The purpose of this section is to answer the first research question. The first question, which is; what kind of survey did the Remington Restaurant use? What kind of result was found by the research design? Compare the effectiveness of the survey research to the other subordinate data, experimentation or observation in the perspective of gathering information for this project. The type of survey that the Remington Restaurant used was the self-administered Internet survey. This kind of survey is probably the cheapest survey for the person collecting data. It involves minimum personnel and low cost as compared with other methods. Since 73% of American households are actively using the Internet, an Internet survey would be the best idea to cover a large location fact while conserving energy, money, and time (Cooper, Schindler, 2008). Internet survey’s can also give one access to graphs, charts and percentages automatically. Also, the Internet survey will be able to give one an idea of the customer’s attitude and perception of the Remington’s Restaurant. By using secondary information one would be able to see general information such as, what the demographic is of the average family is in the area, what is the general income, and how many times the family eats at restaurant in a week. By shifting the focus off of the Remington’s Restaurant and on to the genre of restaurants the Remington’s Restaurant is associated with would dilute the information the Remington’s Restaurant wanted to know about their customer’s satisfaction with the Remington’s Restaurant. Methods such as observational and experimental research would not be ffective for the Remington’s Restaurant. The observational method would not be effective because it would only tell one the behavior of the people such as body language. The experimental method would require a laboratory setting and would not be practical. The main goal for the research is to find out how the customers perceive the performance of the restaurant and their s atisfaction. Also, the Remington’s Restaurant wants to know how their customers select a restaurant. Answer to Question 2. The purpose for this section is to answer the second question. The second question is; what is the demographic profile of the average Remington Restaurant customer? The main variables are as follows: the children who live at home, viewed advertisements, gender, income, age, and familiar competitors. You read "Research of Restaraunt for Business Research" in category "Essay examples" The questionnaire was simple and easy to understand. The applicant had to answer just one number on each question. On the table below one will see the demographic of people who visit the Remington’s Restaurant most often. In statistics the number (or in this case the persons) that occur most frequently is the mode. The information is from the results from the survey taken by customers. Table 1: Demographic Description of the Remington Restaurant’s customers ————————————————- VariableCentral TendencyResultStd. Deviation Age335-491 Gender0Male0 Number of Children11 to None1 Advertisements 0No0 Income235k-50k1 Competitors1Outback1 ————————————————- One can see by looking at the table above that the people who visit the Remington’s Restaurant frequently are males who are between the ages of 35 and 49, and make 35,000 to 50,000 a year. These men also have one child, have not seen advertisements for the Remington Restaurant, Outback, and Longhorn. One can also see that the major competitor is Outback Steakhouse. Answer to Question 3. The purpose for this section is to answer the third question which is; which is most important to the customer when selecting a restaurant and what is least important when selecting a restaurant? The variable for this question are as follows; large food portions, smart employees, excellent food quality, fast service, good atmosphere, and good prices. The choices for these questions are fixed. The applicant had a choice to rate each variable from 1 to 7, which 1 was strongly disagree and 7 was strongly agree. The answer below includes the mean and standard deviation. Table 2: Remington’s Patron’s Criteria In Restaurant Selection ————————————————- ————————————————- VariableMeanStandard Deviation Large Portions5. 86 Quality of Food61. 02 Speed of Service71 Atmosphere5. 95 Reasonable Prices51. 04 From the information from the table above one can see that anything rated over 5 is important to the customer. The variable competent employees were rated under 5 and therefore not important to the majority of customers. Answer to Question 4. The purpose of this section is to answer the fourth question, which is; how does the Remington Restaurant score on each of the six perception measures of food portions, smart employees, food quality, fast service, atmosphere and prices? One will see what kind of perception the customers have of the variables listed in the question. These questions were asked in the same format as the third section. The questions had fixed answers from 1 to 7 with 1 strongly disagree and 7 strongly agree. The answers in the table include the mean and standard deviation. Table 3: Remington’s Patron’s Perceptions ————————————————- ————————————————- VariableMeanStandard Deviation Has Large Portions3. 91 Has Quality of Food6. 96 Has Speed of Service31. 21 Has Atmosphere61. 21 Has Reasonable Prices5. 81 Has Competent Employees41. 35 ————————————————- One can see from the table above that large portions and speed of service is below average. Food quality, atmosphere, and reasonable prices are above average. Competent employees are average. Answer to Question 5. The purpose for this section is to answer the fifth question; is the Remington Restaurant producing a good influence when selecting a place to eat? The variables in this case are similar to the previous question and include large food portions, competent employees, food quality, fast service, atmosphere, and reasonable prices. These variables were rated by the customer and given a choice to choose one number for each question. The numbers that represented the answers for the questions were at a range from 1 to 7. The number 1 represented that the customer strongly disagreed and the number 7 was that the customer strongly agreed. Table 4: Importance and Perceptions ————————————————- ————————————————- VariableWhat Customers Expect (Mean)Actual Performance (Mean) Quality of Food66 ————————————————- Fast Service63 One can see here that the Remington’s Restaurant is performing how the customer expects them to perform as a restaurant. This is almost one of the most important factors of the restaurant. The quality of food as expected, but the fast service needs improving. Answer to Question 6. The purpose of this section is to answer the final question, is there a connection between customer’s satisfaction with the Remington Restaurant with the perception of large food portions, smart employees, food quality and quick service? From the table below one will find the correlation between the variable and the satisfaction of the customers. Table 4: Importance and Perceptions ————————————————- ————————————————- Variablerr2 Large Portions. 41. 17 ————————————————- Competent Employees. 55. 31 ————————————————- Food Quality. 33. 11 ————————————————- Speed of Service. -. 6. 004 ————————————————- Good Atmosphere. 40. 15 ————————————————- Good Prices. 06. 004 One can see here that there is a weak and positive relationship between the large portions and satisfaction. The large portions were 17% of the change in satisfaction. Having competent employees was a modest and positive correlation with satisfaction. If the competence of the employees increases, so does the satisfaction. There was a weak positive relationship with the food quality and satisfaction. Food quality was only 11% of satisfaction. There is also a weak and negative correlation between speed of service and satisfaction. In the end one can see that the competent employees are rated the highest in customer satisfaction. Recommendations for the Remington’s Restaurant Regarding question one. The Remington’s Restaurant has done a good job in the survey method. The self administered, web based survey is the best way to cover a large geographical area in a short amount of time. The survey method is also a good way to retrieve data fast. One of the most important aspects about the survey method is how one can rate an attitude toward something. Regarding question two. The Remington’s Restaurant main customer was a 35-49 year old male who makes 35,001 to 49,000 dollars a year and has one child. The main customer has never seen an advertisement for the Remington’s Restaurant or any of its competitors. A good recommendation for the Remington’s Restaurant would be to advertise more. Also, the competition has not made an impact in the advertising category and would be in favor of the Remington’s Restaurant to pioneer this field. Regarding question three. The average customer held competent employees, atmosphere and quality of food of high importance. Being that the Remington’s Restaurant is in the food business, it should strive to keep the quality of food as a high priority. Having competent employees is an asset to the company but should not be valued over the quality of food. Regarding question four. When one looking at table 3 one can see that the Remington’s Restaurant is doing well with the quality of food, atmosphere and employees, but there are areas that need much improvement. Large portions and the speed of service are below average and must far exceed the customer’s expectations. Any business should not settle for average or below average results. Training the employees on time management and having a smooth flowing system to better serve the customers would be ideal in this situation. Also, if the portions can not expand anymore the restaurant should offer the customers free appetizers that are cheap and filling. Bread and chips would be a good start for this process. Offering the customer cheap food will allow for the portions to stay the same and not lose any money on the main courses. Regarding question five. The food must stay at the top of the priority list. The customers value food the most and should expect the food to always be outstanding. A strict procedure to test the quality of the food must be practiced on a regular schedule to ensure that all customers are receiving the same unique aste of the restaurant. Regarding question six. The employees must know what they are serving. The customer’s rated the employee’s knowledge 31% which is over a third of the satisfaction. It may be just a fraction, but it can also the opening and closing of a sale. When a customer feels like he is being taken care of, the sales will increase and the testimony of the company will prosper. Most people do not eat alone and will bring others with them References Cooper, D. Schindler, P. (2008). Business research methods (10th ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin How to cite Research of Restaraunt for Business Research, Essays

Advantage And Disadvantage Of Social Network - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Advantage And Disadvantage Of Social Network. Answer: Reflective writing This reflection will discuss the opinion regarding the learning experience gained from conducting the research program along with the value of the experience. It has also discussed the manner this learning experience will be useful in the different phases of the life. It has covered different aspects which took place during the execution process of the research. The plan will be discussed which will cover the manner, learnings of the research will be applied. I have carried out this research program on the topic Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Social Networks. This research program has contributed to the knowledge regarding the different aspects of the research topic (Helyer, 2015). This program has provided a theoretical base for the different aspects of the research which I can use in the personal and professional life. During the execution process of this research program, I have learned the manner in which a research program is carried out. Knowledge gained from this program is of great importance as this will act as a base for conducting the research activities in future. Social networks are crucial aspects of the present era as it acts as a medium for connecting with the people (Maki, 2016). In this research program, I have presented data related to the role of social networks, advantages, and disadvantages of using social networks. It has been analyzed from the collected data that a company may gain benefits or face few risks due to the use of social networks as a marketing or advertising tool (Jefferson Traughber, 2012). Execution of this research program has helped in the attainment of the objectives of the course by improving the knowledge. I have learned that different organizations are using social networks for the purpose of enhancing the customer base and sales. I have learned that there are various advantages associated with the use of social networks for the business. These advantages include establishing a connection with a large number of audience, building networks between the different commonalities, cost reduction, reduces the time involved in the marketing of the products or services offered, easy information sharing and effective advertising. I have learned that there are few disadvantages attached with the use of social networks for the business (Arca, 2012). These disadvantages include lack of emotional connect, lacks face-to-face interaction, temporary promotion tool, wastage of time, harms the image of the organization due to the negative feedbacks, online threats, and privacy issu es. Impact of the use of social networks can be directly seen on the performance and sales of the organization (Drahoova Balco, 2017). This knowledge will help me in gaining the advantage of the opportunities available to me in the personal and professional life. Social networking is a common aspect which is widely being used by the organizations. I will use the theoretical knowledge gained for the purpose of taking decisions for coping with the situations faced in the personal and professional lives. I have developed skills of conducting a research program so as to gather the required data for the topic. I have conducted the research in a sequence so as to ensure that every crucial aspect has been included and research is moving in the right direction. I have gathered relevant data by collecting data with the help of different sources of data collection. I have faced few limitations which could have impacted on the research program conducted. I will use the knowledge of these various aspects in the professional life as well as personal life. As a professional, there is a need to develop knowledge of social networks as it is one of the most common marketing or advertising tool used (Collin, et. al., 2011). I have carried out this research program, by formulating a plan so as to complete the research program within the allocated time and meeting the objectives set. I have formulated research objectives so as to form a base on the basis of which data will be collected. I have gathered data so as to present the data for developing knowledge of the concept of social networks, its importance, and advantages and disadvantages of using social networks. This project has prepared me for the future as with the increasing trend of trade across the borders, there has been a rise in the use of social networks for communicating with the customers. It has been analyzed that with the use of social networks satisfaction level of the customers can be enhanced as well as measured (Kietzmann, et. al., 2011). I have prepared an action plan on the basis of which I have conducted the different activities of the research. The motive behind conducting the research on the chosen topic is to gather relevant data for the purpose developing knowledge of the concept of social networks. While conducting the research, I have analyzed that organizations operating at different levels are using the social network for enhancing the chances of growth and success. The decision of whether to use a social network or not depends on the analysis of the different pros and cons attached with the use of social networks as an advertisement tool. This business research will help in making better decisions and grabbing the opportunities available (Helyer, 2010). I have developed knowledge of the various sources of data collection which helps in collecting reliable and quality data for the topic. I have learned the manner in which a research is to be conducted for meeting the objectives of the research. Theoretical knowledge developed in this research will provide guidance for performing the roles and responsibilities assigne d in the personal and professional life in a better manner (Giles, 2010). I have conducted this research on this topic as it is a common topic which has gained much importance in the present era. With the rise in the trade across the border, there has been an increase in the number of organizations using social networks. Organizations are using social networks as a marketing tool and enhancing the image of the organization among the society. As a professional, knowledge of social networks will be of great use as the knowledge gained will be utilized in the professional and personal life. In the assignment one, secondary data collected with the help of articles, books, journals and other internet sources have been presented. In the assignment two, I have prepared an action plan, discussed the different methods or approaches which have been used for gathering data. This has been done for ensuring that data collected is authenticated. Research questions have been constructed as data has been gathered on the basis of the research questions (Helyer, 2015). This learning program has helped me in understanding the increasing importance of social networks in the business environment. I will apply the knowledge developed for enhancing the performance of the business and executing the roles assigned with a better approach. As a professional, decisions need to be taken for the purpose of fulfilling the requirements of the role. Knowledge gained will help in fulfilling or meeting the objectives in a better manner. I will be able to cope with the changing business environment in a better manner. Knowledge of the business environment is required for the purpose of operating in the business environment properly and dealing with the increasing competition (Helyer, 2010). Thus, from the above-discussed reflection, it can be concluded that this research program has contributed to the knowledge. This knowledge will be useful in the different phases of life. Learnings gained during preparing this research program will be applied in the future for the attainment of the objectives or targets. References Arca, C., 2012, Social Media Marketing benefits for businesses, Master of International Marketing. Collin, P., Rahilly, K., Richardson, I. Third, A., 2011, The Benefits of Social Networking Services, UWS. Drahoova, M. Balco, P., 2017, The analysis of advantages and disadvantages of use of social media in European Union, Procedia Computer Science, pp. 10051009. Giles, S. L., 2010, Reflective Writing and the Revision Process: What Were You Thinking?, Colostate. Helyer, R., 2010, The Work-Based Learning Student Handbook, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke. Helyer, R., 2015, Learning through reflection: the critical role of reflection in work-based learning (WBL)",Journal of Work-Applied Management, Vol. 7 Issue: 1, pp.15-27. Helyer, R., 2015, The Work-Based Learning Student Handbook, 2nd ed.,Palgrave,London. Jefferson, C. E. Traughber, S., 2012, Social Media in Business, Cameron University. Kietzmann, J.H., Hermkens, K., McCarthy, I. P. Silvestre, B.S., 2011, Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media, Business Horizons, 54(3), 241-251. Maki, S., 2016, Gaining a competitive advantage through social media marketing in B2C sales, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences.

North Korea Essays (7379 words) - Aftermath Of The Korean War

North Korea -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- North Korea: Policy Determinants, Alternative Outcomes, U.S. Policy Approaches (Rep. 93-612 F) Congressional Research Service, Report for Congress June 24, 1993 By Rinn-Sup Shinn, Analyst in Asian Affairs, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division* SUMMARY North Korea is undergoing a wrenching phase of adjustment to an uncertain post-Soviet world. Its government is reined in by two major constraints: fear that any political or economic reform would have the same fatal consequence for itself as it had for the former Soviet Union and other erstwhile allies; and fear that the United States, South Korea, and other enemies would stop at nothing to overthrow the communist regime of the North. The United States has a major stake in the outcome of North Korea's effort to deal with its daunting task. The challenge in the North has become compelling as Pyongyang has come up far short of its core policy objectives: political self-preservation, undermining South Korea--and by extension, U.S. military presence in the South; and obtaining economic and security support from the outside world. Facing an obvious need to change, Pyongyang is caught in a dilemma about reform. In the wake of the Soviet collapse, a shaken Pyongyang reaffirmed its resolve t o defend a) its centrally planned, autarkic command economy; b) its monolithic, one-party system identified with the persona of Kim Il Sung, the great leader (and now with that of his son and de facto successor Kim Jong Il); and c) its policy of reunifying the two Koreas on Kim Il Sung's terms. The two Kims still talk as though time is on their side, and that they can outwait U.S. withdrawal from the South. Nonetheless, they seem to recognize that they need to end their self-enforced isolation, to say nothing of their unaccommodating foreign policy posture. A sense of urgency and a siege mentality are real and growing in Pyongyang. In particular, the North's economy, which it has long defined as the real underpinning of political stability and military preparedness, is shrinking by all objective criteria. Still worse, there is no immediate relief in sight. At the same time, Pyongyang is slipping further and further behind Seoul--a situation that has potentially unnerving security implications. Seeking economic help and greater international legitimacy, North Korea in recent years has sought to reconcile with South Korea by promising nonaggression, reciprocal cooperation, and denuclearization of the Korean peninsula. But the regime remains doctrinaire, self-centered, and committed to political control, and has repeatedly undercut its soft approaches by reneging on such promises. The United States has also received numerous promises from Pyongyang. A number of policy approaches may be considered by the United States: engagement aimed at inducing Pyongyang into the community of nations; military, economic, and political pressure to underscore U.S. concern for the stability on the Korean peninsula; and outwaiting--letting Pyongyang chart its own transition by refraining from action that can be reasonably perceived in Pyongyang as provocative and threatening, while avoiding any actions that would give legitimacy or assistance to the North Korean regime. INTRODUCTION North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea--DPRK) is a major foreign policy challenge to the United States because of its intractability as well as its threat to 37,000 U.S. troops in South Korea. Isolated and self-absorbed, its behavior is widely thought to be as irrational as it is unpredictable. The communist regime in Pyongyang regards the United States as its sworn enemy and the main obstacle to Korean reunification. It has denounced the United States for its forcible occupation and for allegedly turning South Korea into a forward military base from which to plot the collapse of North Korea or to launch a nuclear attack. Since the division of the Korean peninsula in 1945, North Korea has defined its self-preservation in terms of three policy priorities, or core interests: consolidating Kim Il Sung's power base, undermining South Korea to hasten U.S. withdrawal from the South, and securing maximal support from the former Soviet Union and China. These priorities were designed to assure the security of the Kim regime from domestic critics and against perceived threats from the United States and South Korea (Republic of Korea--ROK). Externally, Pyongyang has pursued anti-U.S. and anti-South Korean policies as interrelated and complementary approaches. Forcing the U.S. out of the

Profile of Joseph Lister, Father of Modern Surgery

Profile of Joseph Lister, Father of Modern Surgery English surgeon Joseph Lister  (April 5, 1827–February 10, 1912), Baron Lister of Lyme Regis, is considered the father of modern surgery for his  work developing sterilization procedures that saved countless lives. Lister pioneered the use of carbolic acid for sanitizing operating rooms and employed antiseptic surgical procedures to prevent deadly postoperative infections. Early Years Born on April 5, 1827 in Essex, England, Joseph Lister was the fourth of seven children born to Joseph Jackson Lister and Isabella Harris. Listers parents were devout Quakers, and his father was a successful wine merchant with scientific interests of his own: he invented the first achromatic microscope lens, an endeavor that earned him the honor of being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. The young Listers love for science grew as he became fascinated with the microscopic world introduced to him by his father. Lister decided at an early age that he wanted to become a surgeon and thus prepared for this eventual career by delving into science and mathematics subjects at the Quaker schools he attended in London.   After entering the University of London in 1844, Lister earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1847 and a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery in 1852. Listers achievements during this time included serving as house surgeon at the University College Hospital of the University of London and being selected as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. Research and Personal Life In 1854, Lister went to the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary in Scotland to study under the famous surgeon James Syme. Under Syme, Listers professional and personal life flourished: he met and married Symes daughter, Agnes, in 1856. Agnes was  invaluable as a wife and partner, assisting Joseph with  his medical research and laboratory experiments. Joseph Listers research was centered on inflammation and its impact on wound healing. He published a number of papers regarding muscle activity in the skin and eyes, coagulation of blood, and blood vessel engorgement during inflammation. Listers research led to his appointment as Regius Professor of Surgery at the University of Glasgow in 1859. In 1860, he was named a Fellow of the Royal Society. Implementation of Antisepsis By 1861, Lister was leading the surgical ward at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. During this time in history, surgery was performed only when absolutely necessary due to high death rates associated with infections. With little understanding of how germs like bacteria caused disease, surgical procedures were regularly performed in  unsanitary conditions. In an attempt to combat wound infections, Lister began to employ cleanliness techniques used by Florence Nightingale and others. This process involved keeping the environment clean, changing dressings, and washing hands. However, it was not until he read the works of  Louis Pasteur that Lister began to link germs with surgical wounds. While Lister was not the first to suggest that microorganisms were the cause of hospital associated diseases or that infections could be reduced through antiseptic methods, he was able to marry these ideas and effectively implement treatment for wound infections. In 1865, Lister began using carbolic acid (phenol), a substance used in sewage treatment, as an antiseptic to treat compound fracture wounds. These injuries were commonly treated by amputation, as they involved penetration of the skin and significant tissue damage. Lister used carbolic acid for hand washing and treatment of surgical incisions and dressings. He even developed an instrument for spraying carbolic acid into the air in the operating room. Lifesaving Antiseptic Success Listers first success case was  an eleven year old boy who had suffered injuries from a horse cart accident. Lister employed antiseptic procedures during treatment, then found that the boys fractures and wounds healed without infection. Further success ensued as nine of eleven other cases where carbolic acid was used to treat wounds showed no signs of infection. In 1867, three articles written by Lister were published in Londons weekly medical journal, The Lancet. The articles outlined Listers method of antiseptic treatment based on the germ theory. In August of 1867, Lister announced at the Dublin meeting of the British Medical Association that no deaths associated with blood poisoning or gangrene had occurred since antiseptic methods had been fully employed in his wards at Glasgows Royal Infirmary. Later Life and Honors In 1877, Lister assumed the chair of Clinical Surgery at Kings College in London and began practicing at Kings College Hospital. There, he continued to research ways to improve his antiseptic methods and develop new methods for treating injuries. He popularized the use of gauze bandages for wound treatment, developed rubber drainage tubes, and created ligatures made from sterile catgut for stitching wounds. While Listers ideas of antisepsis were not immediately accepted by many of his peers, his ideas eventually gained nearly worldwide acceptance. For his outstanding achievements in surgery and medicine, Joseph Lister was ennobled a Baronet by Queen Victoria  in 1883 and  received  the title Sir Joseph Lister. In 1897, he was made Baron Lister of Lyme Regis and awarded the Order of Merit by King Edward VII in 1902. Death and Legacy Joseph Lister retired in 1893 following the death of his beloved wife Agnes. He later suffered a stroke, but was still able to consult on treatment for King Edward VIIs appendicitis surgery in 1902. By 1909, Lister had lost the ability to read or write. Nineteen years after the passing of his wife, Joseph Lister died on February 10, 1912 at Walmer in Kent, England. He was 84 years old. Joseph Lister revolutionized surgical practices by applying the germ theory to surgery. His willingness to experiment with new surgical techniques led to the development of antiseptic methods that focused on keeping wounds free of pathogens. While changes have been made to Listers antisepsis methods and materials, his antiseptic principles remain the foundation for todays medical practice of asepsis (total elimination of microbes) in surgery. Joseph Lister Fast Facts Full Name: Joseph ListerAlso Known As: Sir Joseph Lister, Baron Lister of Lyme RegisKnown For: First to implement antiseptic method in surgery; father of modern surgeryBorn: April 5, 1827 in Essex, EnglandParents Names: Joseph Jackson Lister and Isabella HarrisDied: February 10, 1912 in Kent, EnglandEducation: University of London, Bachelor of Medicine and SurgeryPublished Works: On a New Method of Treating Compound Fracture, Abscess, etc. with Observation on the Conditions of Suppuration (1867); On the Antiseptic Principle in the Practice of Surgery (1867); and Illustrations of the Antiseptic System of Treatment in Surgery (1867)Spouse Name: Agnes Syme (1856-1893)Fun Fact: Listerine mouthwash and the bacterial genus Listeria were named after Lister Sources Fitzharris, Lindsey. The Butchering Art: Joseph Listers Quest to Transform the Grisly World of Victorian Medicine. Scientific American / Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017. Gaw, Jerry L. A Time to Heal: the Diffusion of Listerism in Victorian Britain. American Philosophical Society, 1999. Pitt, Dennis, and Jean-Michel Aubin. Joseph Lister: Father of Modern Surgery. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Oct. 2012, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468637/. Simmons, John Galbraith. Doctors and Discoveries: Lives That Created Todays Medicine.  Houghton Mifflin, 2002.

Weaning from a ventilator (early extubation) post CABG Essay

Weaning from a ventilator (early extubation) post CABG - Essay Example The ventilator is one such equipment that is it in great demand and so I decided to explore if there was a possibility to wean the post-operative Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) patients from the ventilators to reduce the time patients spend in the intensive care unit, cutting down on costs and pressure on the demand for these medical units. I found that on one side there was support for the early extubation of post CABG surgery patients, but there was also opposition to it. This created in me the desire to learn more on this subject, in an effort to provide better care to the patients in this intensive care unit and in that create the possibility of extending it to post CABG surgery patients in other critical care units. The plan of action in this endeavour would be to make use of the best available research to provide evidence on the subject of early extubation of post CABG surgery patients and then link it to the clinical expertise of the management of these patients and the preferences of these patients, to arrive at the best solution to early extubation in post CABG surgery patients. This would enable providing the most appropriate healthcare to these patients and would remain embedded in the tenets of evidence based learning in providing healthcare to patients. The study would aim at collecting available evidence on the subject of early extubation of post CABG surgery patients, by studying articles in available journals in libraries and also to use medical databases like MedScape in an attempt to collect evidence that would lead to the right conclusion on the possibility of early extubation in post CABG surgery patients and should the evidence provide that it is possible, locate evidence that provides the right protocol and systems that need to be utilised when employing early extubation in post CABG surgery patients. It would also be necessary to analyse the implication that such a change would bring about among the post

Leisure and Tourism Maqnagement Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Leisure and Tourism Maqnagement Project - Essay Example Knowledge of how customers of events industry use social media is necessary so that effective use of the channel of social media can be made possible. The research is based on identifying these patterns and impacts so that the social media can be used as an effective promotional tool. The paper is developed with exploratory research design based on analysis of information and facts. The combination of the survey questionnaire and literature review is used to explore the qualitative perspective of the research. The paper finds out that the social media has huge impact on how the events industry of UK conducts the marketing and promotion of the media. However, blind following of the trend to use social media does not lead to effective results. It is necessary to have a two way communication and understand the nature of the customer relevant to the particular industry. Contents Abstract 2 Research Question 5 Significance of the research 5 Aims and objectives 5 Structure of the report 6 Literature review 6 Research Methodology 10 Research Methods 10 Sampling 11 Data analysis approach 11 Findings and Data Analysis 11 Discussion in relation to literature review 17 Evaluation of the outcome 18 Conclusion and recommendations 19 References 21 Introduction Social media has become an important part of the day-to-day life of people. People especially youngsters spend a significant amount of time exploring social media and its applications. Due to the increasing importance of social media in lives of people, the corporate field also understands the potential of this media in terms of utilizing it as the form of marketing tool in advertising (Smith and Zook 2011). Today, many companies are promoting their products and services through presence on social media websites such as Facebook, Twitter, etc. It is rivalling the traditional forms of media and consumes a large portion of the time of people. The reach of this form of media has even extended to the social rituals that mo st people cherish. In general, it has implications for the events industry as well. The industry ought to capitalize on the trends of social media so as to remain relevant. The social media trends also present new opportunities for the events industry so as to thrive well in the competitive environment and move forward (Smith and Zook 2011). The UK events industry is worth 36 billion pounds and it presents an opportunity for the country to be the business destination of choice at the global level. Due to the rise in the growth of the events industry of UK with the recent example of conducting the event of Olympic and Paralympics games event in 2012, it is evident that the industry requires much more marketing tools that have vast reach to people and attract them. The rapid growth of the industry demands equally effective marketing tool for giving the push to the growth and the success (Thorley 2010). Research Question The research question for the study is as follows: How social med ia impacts the UK events industry? What are the implications of the explosion in social media use on the events industry in the UK, as they pertain specifically to the way the industry markets itself and provides services to its customers? Significance of the research The growth of the events industry of UK has compelled the professionals in the industry to make use of such marketing tools for advertising that can attract a large number of audiences and has a vast reach. The rising use of social media and its strong existence in the routine life of people has

An Ethical Evaluation Of The Israeli Palestinian Conflict Religion Essay

An Ethical Evaluation Of The Israeli Palestinian Conflict Religion Essay The Middle East is perhaps the most important region in the world. For followers of the three monotheistic faiths, it contains several holy cities, with the most important being Jerusalem. The violence in the region, specifically in Israel-Palestine, makes it difficult for observers of these religions to worship as they please. There have been many efforts to resolve the conflict begun in the first half of the twentieth century, from peace talks to international laws. However, nothing seems to have helped. The solution needs to be one that benefits all in the region and is ethical. It is impossible, however, to solve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict with the current definition of ethics being used ethics of obligations, rights, and claims. Instead, a new ethics of fairness and forgiveness needs to be followed. Memory also needs to experience a shift from a focus on vengeance to a focus on remembering justly. Terms Defined In order to better understand the terms used by different groups examined within this paper, it is necessary to define basic terms and indicate in which ways they will be used. Israel will be used when referring to the present country of Israel. This does not include the occupied territories and is limited to the present day land. Eretz Israel will be used when necessary to describe the historically Biblical land of Israel. Any other forms of Israel discussed will be defined by the year or another trait. The occupied territories (OT) as a term will be used when discussing both the West Bank and Gaza Strip or, in different time periods, any of the lands Israeli forces occupied. If this is the case, the year will be given as well as a geographical description. During the Six Day War in 1967, for example, the Sinai Peninsula would also be an occupied territory. The West Bank was conquered by Israeli forces during the 1967 Six Day War and have been in relative control of the territory ever since. Current Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is planning yet more Israeli settlements within the West Bank. However, international organizations such as the United Nations believe the continued settlements to be illegal.  [1]  The Gaza Strip was controlled by Egypt until the 1967 war, when Israeli forces invaded and conquered it. In 1994, the Palestinian Authority (the governing body of the occupied territories) took political control of lands in the strip not being used by Israeli arme d forces or settlers. East Jerusalem was taken over by Israeli forces during the Six Day War. According to UN Resolution 181, Jerusalem is supposed to be an international city, with a special international regime which shall be administered by the United Nations.  [2]   Fundamentalism is defined by the Encyclopedia Britannica as a type of militantly conservative religious [and/or political] movement characterized by the advocacy of strict conformity to sacred texts.  [3]  To the American public, this term generally is associated with Islamic fundamentalists. Within any religion, however, there can be different groups of fundamentalists. Islamic fundamentalists often restrict themselves to very literal interpretations of the Quran, their main holy text, and the Hadith, a book about the life of the Prophet Muhammad. Islamic fundamentalists are often associated with Islamism. Not all Islamic fundamentalists are Islamists, but generally speaking, all Islamists are Islamic fundamentalists. Islamists want a religious state, with Islamic law, or Sharia, replacing secular laws. Islamists also promote the notion of pan-Islamism, or the unity of all Muslims, and the elimination of non-Islamic influences, such as western ideals, practices, and more.  [4]  For many, this means waging a holy war against outsiders, known as a lesser jihad in mainstream Islam. Jewish fundamentalism is a little more difficult to explain. Gush Emunim is an example of one such group. Zionism is the notion that the Jewish people need to reestablish their homeland in Israel. After the founding of Israel, Zionism evolved into the thought that the Israelis have the right to occupy the entire land of Israel. For some, this means Eretz Israel. There are Zionists who support the state of Israel without religious views coming into play. These are not usually fundamentalists. Zionist fundamentalists are those who use religious viewpoints to support an extreme Zionist cause one that usually involves the occupation of lands in Eretz Israel and the expulsion of all non-Jewish people from Israel, specifically Muslims. The Current Problem with Ethics in the Middle East The area of ethics is difficult to define. The average person tends to believe that it involves laws and/or religions. However, ethics can be better defined as standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues.  [5]  Religions and philosophies do serve as moral compasses for many individuals, but people who do not subscribe to any particular religion still can be ethical and moral. Ethics can be situational or static, and, like other values, can be compromised. Ethics is also involved in notions of justice. While ethics deals with notions of right and wrong, justice utilizes ethics and law in order to come to a fair conclusion regarding specific cases. Highly publicized viewpoints on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, such as those presented by groups like Hamas, often cite a problem of retribution and justice when discussing relations with groups on the other side. There is too much of a focus on achieving justice, or retribution, for past actions. For many, this justice is a requirement for future peace negotiations. However, retribution is not always the right way to achieve a just end nor is it always an available option. There is also a problem with the use of rights. Each group to be evaluated claims the other has no right to exist, whether it is through their actions or ideologies. Israel should not exist, say those who agree with Hamas and Hezbollah, because the inhabitants had no right to occupy the land held by the Palestinians. They believe that they are defending their homelands against Israeli invaders and use this to justify their actions. Many Israelis believe that groups such as Hamas have no right to exist because of their ideological and physical attacks against Israel. These groups create a security problem for Israeli citizens, so Israelis believe any actions against the Palestinians are justified. The problem with claiming that one group has more of a right to exist in an area than another is that rights are very tricky: Rights are, in the words of the legal philosopher Ronald Dworkin, trumps over all other claims. They can also become barriers to compromise and to peace, since it is more difficult sometimes impossible to give up rights than to give up mere preferences of other claims.  [6]   Current peace-seeking groups do try to address some of these problems. Gush Shalom, for example supports a Right of Return for Palestinian refugees where the Israeli government will help to set the Palestinians up in Israel, or even another country. Palestinians can also choose another method of compensation. However, until the work of groups like Gush Shalom can become more mainstream, it does not seem like the above problems can be rightly addressed. From the current ethical standpoint, no one can win. The Middle East has been in turmoil for many years and, as a result, thousands of lives have been lost in the violence. There can be no justice, in the traditional sense of the word, for these victims. There is no way to muddle through the claims on all sides to determine exactly who started what first, or to get retribution for all those who have hurt and suffered. Justice can only occur once we alter our current stance on justice. Presentation and Evaluation of Group Ideologies Each of the following groups has been chosen because of their fundamentalist ideologies and their popularity among the common people within their countries. Hamas has gained political power in the Gaza Strip, giving them legitimacy amongst people residing there. However, their link to terrorism as a result of their ideological beliefs has limited the ability of other countries to recognize Hamas right to lead. Hezbollah faces a similar problem within Lebanon, on a more violent scale. Gush Emunim is the only group to have virtually ceased to exist, except in acceptance of ideology. The beliefs of this group have now become the norm for many living within Israel. Hamas was founded in 1987 and grew out of Egypts Muslim Brotherhood. The next year, however, Hamas published their charter one that began to separate itself from the nonviolent message of the Muslim Brotherhood.  [7]  The group slowly turned into a combination of Islamic fundamentalism and Palestinian nationalism.  [8]  The organization gained power through its extensive social programs. The bulk of their current budget goes to schools, healthcare, soup kitchens, and other social services. Since coming to power in the Gaza Strip in 2006, Hamas has consistently attacked Israel and other Palestinian groups who recognize Israels right to exist through media and physical means. Hamas charter calls for the destruction of Israel and the creation of an Islamist state in its place.  [9]  It is only this, they believe, that will cease the colonization and western influences in Middle Eastern lands. Hamas refuses to recognize the right of Israel to exist. This combined with terrorist links have caused several countries to refuse to recognize the right of Hamas to lead. These counties have since ceased all funding and support. Hezbollah is a Shiite Muslim political group in Lebanon created as a result of the 1982 invasion of Lebanese lands by Israeli forces. Hezbollah won popularity within Lebanon through their social programs. Their political leader, Hassan Nasrallah, has a very religious background, but does not serve as the religious leader.  [10]  Hezbollah sees the destruction of the Israeli state and the replacement of Israel with an Islamic state as a long-term goal.  [11]  More immediate goals include the establishment of an Islamist state within Lebanon and the expulsion of western powers and influences.  [12]  The main idea is that an Islamist state is the only one which an outside western force will not be able to invade and take over.  [13]  Hezbollah sees violence as a method to bring about the change that they seek. The group itself is quick to point out, though, that they have moved to a less violent and imposing platform based on political action instead of terrorism.  [14 ]  Hezbollah has indeed taken to involvement in political life within Lebanon. It remains a minority group within the Lebanese Parliament. In August of 2008, the Lebanese Parliament approved a national unity cabinet, giving Hezbollah veto power with eleven of thirty seats.  [15]   Both Hamas and Hezbollah have taken extreme positions against Israel. These groups have resorted to violent means in order to get their point across in the past, and continue to do so today. Ironically, these actions have only gotten these groups condemned by international organizations. Violence causes more problems for the people they are trying to help as well as harming others unnecessarily. Hamas has focused too much on their claim to the land which now makes up Israel. From a logical standpoint, there is no way to de-establish Israel and give what Hamas would consider ample justice or retribution. Founded in 1974, Gush Emunim subscribes to an extreme form of Zionism, which calls for Israeli control over Eretz Israel. The group is theological in nature, though this does not make it exclusively religious. The Jewish people have been chosen by God, according to the Bible. The goal of Gush Emunim is to establish settlements in the Palestinian territories in order to eventually regain control of the lands given by God, as well as to promote this goal among others. For members of this group, there is no room for compromise, and to give up the control of any part of Eretz Israel would be blasphemy and a sin against God.  [16]   Gush Emunim began to set up settlements in the occupied territories in the mid to late 1970s. Due mainly to ideological issues, the settlements ended up facing a large amount of resentment and problems with the nearby Arab settlers. They asked for the Israeli government to step in and, eventually, the government felt as though it was forced to do so due to public opinion and violence around the settlements.  [17]  Gush Emunim then set up more settlements in order to reach its goal. To further complicate peace talks and other negotiations in recent years, former Prime Minister Ariel Sharon has been purported to be a big supporter of Gush Emunim.  [18]   Gush Emunim focused too much on the right of the Israeli people to rule over all of Eretz Israel and not enough on the possible consequences of their actions. While they did come close to achieving their goal, supporters of Gush Emunim forced the government into an awkward position and ended up alienating Palestinians. Using religiously-related rights to these lands also put outside groups in an awkward position. Who is the United Nations to say that God did not give all of Biblical Israel to the Jews? Movements for Peace The following groups have been chosen for their peace-achieving efforts in the Middle East. Gush Shalom is a predominantly Jewish organization, having starting in Israel. The International Solidarity Movement is Palestinian-based. However, like other peace-seeking groups, members of both organizations come from a variety of places. Both groups support the Palestinian struggle. However, the connections between the International Solidarity Movement and possible terrorism are pushing people with the potential to make a difference away. Founded in 1993, Gush Shalom is a very well known peace movement group active within Israel.  [19]  The group is extremely concerned with the treatment of the Palestinian people. They recognize the problems caused by Israeli forces and focus on creating a partnership between the two countries in order to have a more prosperous future. The groups main goals are related to ending the occupation and bringing peace to the region. Unlike other groups, Gush Shalom recognizes the Right of Return of the Palestinian refugees, allowing each refugee to choose freely between compensation and repatriation to Palestine and Israel, and fixing by mutual agreement the number of refugees who will be able to return to Israel in annual quotas.  [20]  Even more than that, Gush Shalom has proposed that Israel could help set up Palestinian refugees in another country.  [21]  No one within the organization is paid for their work, as all involvement with Gush Shalom is voluntary.  [22]  The o rganization has won several awards for its efforts to bring peace to the region. The group also works closely with the Palestinian Liberation Organization. This relationship even led to a draft of a peace agreement between the two organizations.  [23]  In this agreement, a two-state solution was discussed, wherein the border of the Palestinian state was defined as the lines of the cease-fire agreement of June 4, 1967.  [24]  A council would be established for Israelis and Palestinians to rule Jerusalem, the capital of both states, together.  [25]  This was first brought up by the United Nations.  [26]  The most interesting part of this document is how Gush Shalom handles the refugee problem. As mentioned before, Palestinian refugees have a choice between staying in Palestine, moving to Israel, or establishing lives in another country.  [27]  A truth commission of historians would be established, whose report on the major problems in Israel and the occupied territories would eventually placed in the textbooks of both countries.  [28]   From an ethical standpoint, Gush Shalom is pushing a new, radical point of view. Other peace groups advocate for the equality of Palestinian peoples and the establishment of a two-state solution. However, this is the only public organization that has made it a priority to investigate the problems inherent in the Middle Eastern conflict and publish them for future Israelis and Palestinians to read about and learn from. Gush Shalom is also one of the only Israeli-based groups petitioning for a Right of Return for the Palestinian people. They recognize the need for massive negotiations and compromise in order to achieve peace. If political groups can take the ideas and positions given here by Gush Shalom, peace could be possible. The biggest problem standing in the way of politicians and groups is how to get elected in Israel while running on this kind of platform. The International Solidarity Movement (ISM) was founded in 2001, with the express mission of assisting the Palestinian people in gaining support for their cause, as well as offering a degree of protection and a way to voice their opinions.  [29]  The ISM promotes nonviolent forms of fighting the occupation, like protesting, marching, and documenting problems between Palestinians and Israeli armed forces (IDF).  [30]  Perhaps the most important part ISM plays is the assistance they give to Palestinians during emergencies, like escorting ambulances through checkpoints.  [31]   In recent years, there has been some controversy over ISMs possible support for suicide bombings. There have been several poorly worded documents in which ISM leaders and other ISM-related people have seemingly supported suicide bombings carried out by Palestinians.  [32]  There have also been some connections to terrorists.  [33]  However, ISM states that they oppose the tactic of suicide bombings, especially those that have been carried out against civilian targets. We dont however think that it is a more brutal tactic than dropping a bomb from a fighter plane on a civilian-occupied apartment building, firing a tank shell down a crowded city street, or placing dynamite in a family home. They are all brutal and repulsive acts.  [34]   ISM also goes on to say that suicide bombings are simply weapons of desperate people who just do not have access to other weapons. While they believe these bombings are reprehensible, it is, in their opinion, an understandable move by an oppressed people fighting for their basic rights.  [35]   While this group is doing very real things to help the Palestinian people within the occupied territories, it is also far too focused on being anti-Israel. There are not a lot of occasions where the ISM and Israeli groups can work together, because of the problems within the ISM handling publicity issues. The poorly worded documents and possible ties to terrorism referred to above have a lot to do that. Despite ISM issuing statements to counter these claims, there are still a lot of concerned people and organizations who are leery of being involved with ISM. ISM workers also face a lot of danger, and many have been killed as a result of their work mostly by the IDF.  [36]  Because of these problems, it is also difficult to say, from an ethical standpoint, how helpful this organization is. It does provide helpful services to Palestinian farmers, like help with harvesting and protection from the IDF. However, there are just too many warning signs for this group to be fully embrace d. A Change in Ethics Evaluating the situation in Israel-Palestine using the current system of ethics does not work. The ethics of rights, obligations, and duties, brings with it too many questions and too many opportunities for disagreement and exclusion. Rights bring up claims which cannot necessarily be disputed or worked with. Obligations and duties require more of a direct acknowledgement of wrongs one group has perpetrated against the other. Unfortunately, in this conflict, there just is no way to keep score. Details of conflicts are too murky in most cases to concretely say which party started what problem. With that in mind, how can it be determined which party owes the other more? This task would be so time-consuming and tedious that there is no way it would benefit those currently in the situation. And so, the world must find a different way of viewing the ethics of this conflict. In his book, The Prophets, Abraham Heschel comes to the realization that there is a better form of ethics, one based not on obligations but instead on fairness. This is based on his unique understanding of the link between justice and righteousness. In essence, they are separate ideals, though they are linked: Righteousness goes beyond justice. Justice is strict and exact, giving each person his due. Righteousness implies benevolence, kindness, generosity. Justice is form, a state of equilibrium; righteousness has a substantive associated meaning. Justice may be legal, righteousness is associated with a burning compassion for the oppressed.  [37]   Justice, then, is more concrete and straightforward. It is something that is currently rewarded, but instead should be automatic.  [38]  However, it can be misused and corrupted.  [39]  This corruption can lead to a perversion of justice, where oppression is rampant.  [40]  Righteousness is needed to help keep justice pure. It involves the quality of a persons character.  [41]  Righteousness is what helps to give justice a more personal touch, moving from a notion of retribution to one of satisfaction and assistance. Justice involves the claims of one person or group and the responsibility of another person or group to answer that claim.  [42]  This works because of the sense that each person in a community is tied together.  [43]  What one person or group does to help another also helps the community as a whole. Righteousness is what helps people to give to the community and to assist each other. In the traditional sense of the word, justice requires retribution jail time, fines, or other punishment to fit a crime or wrong-doing. However, there are situations in which the classic notion of retribution is unthinkable or improper. If one of the parties has died, it becomes more difficult to seek justice for him or her. It is also difficult to handle justice when there are too many conflicting stories to produce proper retribution. Both of the above occur in the Middle Eastern conflict. As exemplified in the story of Cain and Abel, sometimes options other than punishment must be explored: Cain, slaying his brother, does not receive the punishment he deserves. Though justice would require that Abels blood be avenged, Cain is granted divine pardon and protection.  [44]  Here, in a situation where retribution may have been understandable, God instead decides to forgo this form of justice for one of protection and forgiveness. Forgiveness does not dictate that retribution be gi ven for an action, but instead requires a surrendering of grudges and anger. It should be personal and conditional: We may forgive the criminal; is it right to forgive the crime? I may forgive a wrong done to me; but do I have the right to forgive a wrong done to others? Unconditional forgiveness may be found in Pandoras box, a fine incentive to vice. Anger is a reminder that man is in need of forgiveness, and that forgiveness must not be taken for granted.  [45]   When this is applied to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the real importance of this distinction takes shape. An outside entity cannot fix the conflict, or bring it to an end. It is not the place of the United Nations or other countries to forgive the Israelis and/or the Palestinians. In order for peace to occur, a Palestinian may have to forgive the Israeli people as a whole for wrongs done to them in the past, just as an Israeli may have to forgive the Palestinian people. Does this forgive the crimes themselves? Absolutely not. Does this justify what has occurred between the two parties? Again, the answer is no. However, it is only with this mindset of starting anew that the people involved in this conflict can move beyond past actions and start to look ahead into the future. According to Heschel, then, justice does not have to involve retribution. His ethics of justice involve fairness, righteousness, and forgiveness instead. Using righteousness, Heschel acknowledges the necessity for a personal touch to how justice is carried out. Forgiveness gives us the idea that it is acceptable to forgive a wrong instead of seeking retribution, and that it is a God-like quality. Forgiveness does not dismiss the wrongs committed, but simply clears both the aggressor and victim of some level of guilt and pain. Heschel worries a lot about the misuse of justice. When the human factor is removed from consideration, the compassion that righteousness brings into the equation is gone and no real justice can be had.  [46]  Righteousness must accompany any form of justice, because There are many ways of evading the law and escaping the arm of justice. Only a few acts of violence are brought to the attention of the courts. As a rule, those who know how to exploit are endowed with the skill to justify their acts, while those who are easily exploited possess no skill in pleading their own cause. Those who neither exploit nor are exploited are ready to fight when their own interests are harmed; they will not be involved when not personally affected. Who shall plead for the helpless? Who shall prevent the epidemic of injustice that no court of justice is capable of stopping?  [47]   Israelis, then, can be seen to be the skilled exploiters, while the Palestinians do not possess a real ability to fight for themselves. The international community does not help out, unless their well-being is threatened. The United States will hold peace talks, but beyond that, little governmental help is offered to the Palestinians. What the Palestinians need is a prophet of sorts, someone to voice the problems they face. Where Can the Alternate Understanding Be Seen Today? Former President Jimmy Carter could be the Palestinians prophet. He was instrumental in bringing about a more peaceful period in the Middle East when he hosted the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel in 1978. In the end, three different conclusions were made. The Gaza Strip and the West Bank were to be given the opportunity to rule themselv